@article{oai:shiga-med.repo.nii.ac.jp:00003850,
 author = {柳沢, 大治郎 and 加藤, 智子 and 遠山, 育夫 and PAHRUDIN ARROZI, Aslina and YANAGISAWA, Daijiro and KATO, Tomoko and AKATSU, Hiroyasu and HASHIZUME, Yoshio and KANEDA, Daita and TOOYAMA, Ikuo},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports},
 month = {Apr},
 note = {pdf, Background:
Emerging evidence indicates that the misfolded tau protein can propagate aggregates between cells in a prion-like manner. This prion activity has been typically studied in brain extracts of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but not in the olfactory region that can be a potential biomarker in AD., Objective:
To investigate the prion seeding activity of tau in nasal mucosa tissues using a cell culture model of tau propagation., Methods:
Brain and nasal mucosa homogenates were added to HEK293T cells expressing three repeat or four-repeat domains of tau with the L266V, V337M (3RD*VM) and P301L and V377M mutations (4RD*LM) fused to the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) respectively. We also measured the level of phosphorylated tau (p-tau), total tau (t-tau), and p-tau/t-tau ratio and performed correlation analysis between tau prion activity and the level of tau., Results:
We found that brain and nasal tissue homogenates from patients with AD significantly induced tau aggregation in HEK293T cells either expressing tau 3RD*VM-EGFP or 4RD*LM-EGFP compared with control brain and nasal tissue homogenates. The levels of p-tau and p-tau/t-tau ratio were significantly increased in the brain of patients with AD; however, no significant difference was found in nasal tissue compared with their respective control tissue homogenates., Conclusion:
These results suggest that the nasal tissues contain tau seeds, similar to the brain, albeit without changes in the levels of p-tau and t-tau. Therefore, a cellular bioassay using nasal tissues would have great potential as an AD biomarker because of the usefulness of nasal tissue biopsy., Journal Article},
 pages = {263--274},
 title = {Nasal Extracts from Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease Induce Tau Aggregates in a Cellular Model of Tau Propagation.},
 volume = {5},
 year = {2021}
}