@article{oai:shiga-med.repo.nii.ac.jp:00003538,
 author = {辻, 俊一郎 and 村上, 節 and TSUJI, Shunichiro and DI MARTINO, Elena and MUKAI, Takeo and TSUJI, Shoko and MURAKAMI, Takashi and HARRIS, Robert A and BLOMGREN, Klas and ÅDEN, Ulrika},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {Journal of neuroinflammation},
 month = {Apr},
 note = {BACKGROUND:
Neuroinflammation plays an important role in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Although microglia are largely responsible for injury-induced inflammatory response, they play beneficial roles in both normal and disease states. However, the effects of microglial depletion on neonatal HIE remain unclear., METHODS:
Tamoxifen was administered to Cx3cr1CreER/+Rosa26DTA/+ (microglia-depleted model) and Cx3cr1CreER/+Rosa26DTA/- (control) mice at P8 and P9 to assess the effect of microglial depletion. The density of microglia was quantified using Iba-1 staining. Moreover, the proportion of resident microglia after the HI insult was analyzed using flow cytometric analysis. At P10, the HI insult was conducted using the Rice-Vannucci procedure at P10. The infarct size and apoptotic cells were analyzed at P13. Cytokine analyses were performed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at P13., RESULTS:
At P10, tamoxifen administration induced > 99% microglial depletion in DTA+ mice. Following HI insult, there was persisted microglial depletion over 97% at P13. Compared to male DTA- mice, male DTA+ mice exhibited significantly larger infarct volumes; however, there were no significant differences among females. Moreover, compared to male DTA- mice, male DTA+ mice had a significantly higher density of TUNEL+ cells in the caudoputamen, cerebral cortex, and thalamus. Moreover, compared to female DTA- mice, female DTA+ mice showed a significantly greater number of TUNEL+ cells in the hippocampus and thalamus. Compared to DTA- mice, ELISA revealed significantly lower IL-10 and TGF-β levels in both male and female DTA+ mice under both normal conditions and after HI (more pronounced)., CONCLUSION:
We established a microglial depletion model that aggravated neuronal damage and apoptosis after the HI insult, which was predominantly observed in males., Journal Article},
 title = {Aggravated brain injury after neonatal hypoxic ischemia in microglia-depleted mice.},
 volume = {17},
 year = {2020}
}